Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 5, Issue 19, Pages 9262-9271Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c7ta00188f
Keywords
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Funding
- German Federal Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF) within the ExcellentBattery program realized by the WING center BamoSa - Battery mobility in Saxony [03X4637]
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A novel and cost-effective synthesis of silicon nanocrystallites (<10 nm) sealed in hollow carbon spheres (nc-Si@HCS) is developed as a promising anode material for high-performance Li-ion batteries (LIBs). The preparation method involves dichlorosilane (H2SiCl2) as widely available feedstock, to form a hydrogen-rich polysiloxane as a precursor for the production of large quantities of silicon nanoparticles. The final electrode material is composed of agglomerated 5 nm sized silicon nanoparticles encapsulated within hollow micro-sized carbon structures. A high specific capacity of 1570 mA h g(electrode)(-1) at 0.25 A g(-1) with a capacity retention of 65% after 250 deep discharge cycles and a reversible high areal capacity of up to 4 mA h cm(-2) at a total mass loading of 3.2 mg cm(-2) impressively demonstrate the excellent features of this novel anode material. We performed a detailed structural as well as electrochemical characterization in different electrolytes. Post mortem investigations help to understand the degradation mechanism in our material. The study herein heralds a new approach to structurally design advanced negative electrode materials with the potential to increase the specific energy of LIBs and to boost future electro-mobility technology.
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