Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 5, Issue 36, Pages 19422-19430Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c7ta03199h
Keywords
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-SC0002633]
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This is the first quantitative analysis of mechanical reliability of all-solid state batteries. Mechanical degradation of the solid electrolyte (SE) is caused by intercalation-induced expansion of the electrode particles, within the constrains of a dense microstructure. A coupled electro-chemo-mechanical model was implemented to quantify the material properties that cause an SE to fracture. The treatment of microstructural details is essential to the understanding of stress-localization phenomena and fracture. A cohesive zone model is employed to simulate the evolution of damage. In the numerical tests, fracture is prevented when electrode-particle's expansion is lower than 7.5% (typical for most Li-intercalating compounds) and the solid-electrolyte's fracture energy higher than G(c) = 4 J m(-2). Perhaps counter-intuitively, the analyses show that compliant solid electrolytes (with Young's modulus in the order of ESE = 15 GPa) are more prone to micro-cracking. This result, captured by our non-linear kinematics model, contradicts the speculation that sulfide SEs are more suitable for the design of bulk-type batteries than oxide SEs. Mechanical degradation is linked to the battery power-density. Fracture in solid Li-ion conductors represents a barrier for Li transport, and accelerates the decay of rate performance.
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