Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 5, Issue 6, Pages 2749-2758Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c6ta09673e
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11474242, 51272220, 51472209]
- Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Graduate [CX2016B254]
- City University of Hong Kong Applied Research Grant (ARG) [9667122]
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Large-scale adoption of sodium-ion batteries in energy storage and conversion devices requires the development of electrode materials with high capacity, high-rate performance and long cycling life. Herein, a self-supporting electrode composed of mesoporous NaTi2(PO4)(3) nanocrystals and multi-wall carbon nanotubes for Na storage is described. The fabrication process involves protein-assisted self-assembly, a vacuum filtration process, and thermal treatment. The self-supporting electrode possesses favorable features such as hierarchical porosity, interconnected conductive networks, plenty of sites for intercalation-based and interfacial Na storage, and high mechanical robustness, as well as strong synergistic coupling between each constituent. The electrode used directly as the anode in sodium-ion batteries delivers excellent performance such as a high capacity of 132 mA h g(-1) at 1C, a high initial coulombic efficiency of 99%, and a high-rate capability of 62 mA h g(-1) at 50C, as well as long-term cycling stability with a capacity of 87% at 10C after 3000 cycles. The freestanding anode possesses favorable properties up to a thickness of 50 mm boding well for a high volumetric/areal capacity. Our study has great potential to be applicable to a wide range of mesoporous nanocrystals of both anodes and cathodes for high-performance energy storage and conversion devices.
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