Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
Volume 6, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.117.005707
Keywords
blood pressure; cardiac dysfunction; vitamin D
Categories
Funding
- British Heart Foundation
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- MRC [MC_U137686855, MC_UU_12026/5] Funding Source: UKRI
- British Heart Foundation [PG/13/58/30397, PG/12/32/29544, FS/11/65/28865, SP/08/010/25939] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12026/5, MC_U137686855] Funding Source: researchfish
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Background-The relevance of vitamin D for prevention of cardiovascular disease is uncertain. The BEST-D (Biochemical Efficacy and Safety Trial of vitamin D) trial previously reported effects of vitamin D on plasma markers of vitamin D status, and the present report describes the effects on blood pressure, heart rate, arterial stiffness, and cardiac function. Methods and Results-This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 305 older people living in United Kingdom, who were allocated vitamin D 4000 IU (100 mu g), vitamin D 2000 IU (50 mu g), or placebo daily. Primary outcomes were plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and secondary outcomes were blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial stiffness in all participants at 6 and 12 months, plasma N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide levels in all participants at 12 months, and echocardiographic measures of cardiac function in a randomly selected subset (n=177) at 12 months. Mean (SE) plasma 25hydroxy-vitamin D concentrations were 50 (SE 2) nmol/L at baseline and increased to 137 (2.4), 102 (2.4), and 53 (2.4) nmol/L after 12 months in those allocated 4000 IU/d, 2000 IU/d of vitamin D, or placebo, respectively. Allocation to vitamin D had no significant effect on mean levels of blood pressure, heart rate, or arterial stiffness at either 6 or 12 months, nor on any echocardiographic measures of cardiac function, or plasma N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide concentration at 12 months. Conclusions-The absence of any significant effect of vitamin D on blood pressure, arterial stiffness, or cardiac function suggests that any beneficial effects of vitamin D on cardiovascular disease are unlikely to be mediated through these mechanisms.
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