Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
Volume 6, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006545
Keywords
atherosclerosis; inflammation; prevention; risk assessment; smoking
Categories
Funding
- American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center (A-TRAC) [NIH 1 P50 HL120163-01]
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [N01-HC-95 159, N01-HC-95 160, N01-HC-95 161, N01-HC-95 162, N01-HC-95 163, N01-HC-95 164, N01-HC-95 165, N01-HC-95 166, N01-HC-95 167, N01-HC-95 168, N01-HC-95 169]
- NCRR [UL1-TR-000 040, UL1-TR-001 079]
- Brazilian Ministry of Health (Science and Technology Department)
- Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology
- National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) National Research Council [01 06 0010.00 RS, 01 06 0212.00 BA, 01 06 0300.00 ES, 01 06 0278.00 MG, 01 06 0115.00 SP, 01 06 0071.00 RJ]
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Background-Inflammation is suggested to be a central feature of atherosclerosis, particularly among smokers. We studied whether inflammatory biomarkers GlycA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are associated with cigarette smoking. Methods and Results-A total of 11 509 participants, 6774 from the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) and 4735 from ELSA-Brasil (The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health) were included. We evaluated the cross-sectional association between multiple measures of smoking behavior and the inflammatory biomarkers, GlycA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, using regression models adjusted for demographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics. Participants were 57.7 +/- 11.1 years old and 46.4% were men. Never, former, and current smokers comprised 51.7%, 34.0%, and 14.3% of the population, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted mean absolute difference in GlycA levels (mu mol/L) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were higher for former (4.1, 95% CI, 1.7-6.6 mu mol/L) and current smokers (19.9, 95% CI, 16.6-23.2 mu mol/L), compared with never smokers. Each 5-unit increase in pack-years of smoking was associated with higher GlycA levels among former (0.7, 95% CI, 0.3-1.1 mu mol/L) and current smokers (1.6, 95% CI, 0.8-2.4 mu mol/L). Among former smokers, each 5-year increase in time since quitting smoking was associated with lower GlycA levels (-1.6, 95% CI, -2.4 to -0.8 lmol/L) and each 10-unit increase in number of cigarettes/day was associated with higher GlycA among current smokers (2.8, 95% CI, 0.5-5.2 mu mol/L). There were similar significant associations between all measures of smoking behavior, and both log-transformed GlycA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Conclusions-Acute and chronic exposure to tobacco smoking is associated with inflammation, as quantified by both GlycA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. These biomarkers may have utility for the study and regulation of novel and traditional tobacco products.
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