Journal
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Volume 155, Issue -, Pages 362-371Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.095
Keywords
Calcium alginate; Ionotropic gelation residence time; Electron dispersive spectroscopy; Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform IR; Polymer cross-linking
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Funding
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University
- PhRMA foundation
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The ability to engineer biocompatible polymers with controllable properties is highly desirable. One such approach is to cross-link carbohydrate polymers using ionotropic gelation (IG). Previous studies have investigated the effect of curing time on alginate cross-linking. Herein, we discuss a novel study detailing the effect of IG residence time (IGRT) on the cross-linking of alginate with calcium ions (Ca2+) along with water migration (syneresis) and their subsequent impact on the pharmaceutical properties of alginate particles. IGRT was shown to have a significant effect on particle size, porosity, density, mechanical strength and swelling of calcium alginate particles as well as drug release mechanism. Furthermore, we describe a novel application of electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), in conjunction with Fourier Transform- infra red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, to analyze and monitor the changes in Ca2+ concentration during cross-linking. A simple procedure to determine the concentration and distribution of the surface and internal Ca2+ involved in alginate cross-linking was successfully developed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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