Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Volume 835, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/45
Keywords
astroparticle physics; BL Lacertae objects: general; gamma rays: galaxies; methods: data analysis; neutrinos; quasars: general
Categories
Funding
- U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs
- U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division
- University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
- Grid Laboratory of Wisconsin's grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Open Science Grid's grid infrastructure
- U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
- Louisiana Optical Network Initiative's grid computing resources
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- WestGrid
- Compute/Calcul Canada
- Swedish Research Council, Sweden
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Sweden
- Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing, Sweden
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden
- German Ministry for Education and Research (Bochum), Germany
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Bochum), Germany
- Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (Bochum), Germany
- Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany
- Fund for Scientific Research, FWO Odysseus program
- Flanders Institute
- Belgian Federal Science Policy Office
- University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Marsden Fund, New Zealand
- Australian Research Council
- Japan Society for Promotion of Science
- Swiss National Science Foundation, Switzerland
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Villum Fonden, Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark
- STFC [ST/J000507/1, ST/L000474/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1555121, 1607644] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1505296, 1307472, 1607199, 1403586, 1505230] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/L000474/1, ST/J000507/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Villum Fonden [00013161] Funding Source: researchfish
Ask authors/readers for more resources
The recent discovery of a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux extending up to PeV energies raises the question of which astrophysical sources generate this signal. Blazars are one class of extragalactic sources which may produce such high-energy neutrinos. We present a likelihood analysis searching for cumulative neutrino emission from blazars in the 2nd Fermi-LAT AGN catalog (2LAC) using IceCube neutrino data set 2009-12, which was optimized for the detection of individual sources. In contrast to those in previous searches with IceCube, the populations investigated contain up to hundreds of sources, the largest one being the entire blazar sample in the 2LAC catalog. No significant excess is observed, and upper limits for the cumulative flux from these populations are obtained. These constrain the maximum contribution of 2LAC blazars to the observed astrophysical neutrino flux to 27% or less between around 10 TeV and 2 PeV, assuming the equipartition of flavors on Earth and a single power-law spectrum with a spectral index of -2.5. We can still exclude the fact that 2LAC blazars (and their subpopulations) emit more than 50% of the observed neutrinos up to a spectral index as hard as -2.2 in the same energy range. Our result takes into account the fact that the neutrino source count distribution is unknown, and it does not assume strict proportionality of the neutrino flux to the measured 2LAC gamma-ray signal for each source. Additionally, we constrain recent models for neutrino emission by blazars.
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