Journal
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
Volume 17, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-017-0719-0
Keywords
Transcranial stimulation in children; TMS; tDCS; GABA; Cortical inhibition; Cortical excitability
Categories
Funding
- NIMH [R01100186]
- Boston Children's Hospital Translational Research Program
- NIH NINDS [R01NS088583]
- Assimon Family Foundation
- Sage Pharmaceuticals
- Eisai Pharmaceuticals
- Massachusetts Life Sciences
- Neuroelectrics
- Brainsway
- Sidney R. Baer Jr. Foundation
- NIH [R21 NS082870, R01HD069776, R01NS073601, R21 MH099196, R21 NS085491, R21 HD07616]
- Harvard Catalyst
- Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (NCRR)
- Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (NCATS NIH) [UL1 RR025758]
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Promising results in adult neurologic and psychiatric disorders are driving active research into transcranial brain stimulation techniques, particularly transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), in childhood and adolescent syndromes. TMS has realistic utility as an experimental tool tested in a range of pediatric neuropathologies such as perinatal stroke, depression, Tourette syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). tDCS has also been tested as a treatment for a number of pediatric neurologic conditions, including ASD, attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, and cerebral palsy. Here, we complement recent reviews with an update of published TMS and tDCS results in children, and discuss developmental neuroscience considerations that should inform pediatric transcranial stimulation.
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