Journal
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
Volume 10, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003675
Keywords
biomarker; Ca2+/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; catestatin; chromogranin A
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Funding
- Norwegian National Association for Public Health
- Anders Jahre Trust for Promotion of Science
- Research Council of Norway
- Akershus University Hospital
- University of Oslo
- South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority
- K.G. Jebsen Family Foundation
- Abbott Diagnostics
- AstraZeneca
- Roche Diagnostics
- Novartis
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Background-Chromogranin A (CgA) levels have previously been found to predict mortality in heart failure (HF), but currently no information is available regarding CgA processing in HF and whether the CgA fragment catestatin (CST) may directly influence cardiomyocyte function. Methods and Results-CgA processing was characterized in postinfarction HF mice and in patients with acute HF, and the functional role of CST was explored in experimental models. Myocardial biopsies from HF, but not sham-operated mice, demonstrated high molecular weight CgA bands. Deglycosylation treatment attenuated high molecular weight bands, induced a mobility shift, and increased shorter CgA fragments. Adjusting for established risk indices and biomarkers, circulating CgA levels were found to be associated with mortality in patients with acute HF, but not in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Low CgA-to-CST conversion was also associated with increased mortality in acute HF, thus, supporting functional relevance of impaired CgA processing in cardiovascular disease. CST was identified as a direct inhibitor of CaMKII delta (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta) activity, and CST reduced CaMKII delta-dependent phosphorylation of phospholamban and the ryanodine receptor 2. In line with CaMKIId inhibition, CST reduced Ca2+ spark and wave frequency, reduced Ca2+ spark dimensions, increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content, and augmented the magnitude and kinetics of cardiomyocyte Ca2+ transients and contractions. Conclusions-CgA-to-CST conversion in HF is impaired because of hyperglycosylation, which is associated with clinical outcomes in acute HF. The mechanism for increased mortality may be dysregulated cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling because of reduced CaMKIId inhibition.
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