Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages 1911-1919Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07995
Keywords
aluminum; battery; ion; adsorption; porous materials; microporous; carbon; surface area; energy storage
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Funding
- Swiss Federal Commission for Technology and Innovation (CTI) through the CTI Swiss Competence Centers for Energy Research (SCCER) [14698.2 PFIW-IW]
- Competence Center for Energy and Mobility (CCEM)
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High surface area porous carbon frameworks exhibit potentialadvantages over crystalline graphite as an electrochemical energy storage material owing to the possibility of faster ion transport and up to double the ion capacity, assuming a surface-based mechanism of storage. When detrimental surface -related effects such as irreversible capacity loss due to interphase formation (known as solid-electrolyte interphase, SEI) can be mitigated or altogether avoided, the greatest advantage can be achieved by maximizing the gravimetric and volumetric surface area and by tailoring the porosity to accommodate the relevant ion species. We investigate this concept by employing zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) as the cathode in an aluminum battery based on a chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolyte. Its ultrahigh surface area and dense, conductive network of homogeneous channels (12 A in width) render ZTC suitable for the fast, dense storage of AlC14 ions (6 angstrom in ionic diameter). With aluminum as the anode, full cells were prepared which simultaneously exhibited both high specific energy (up to 64 Wh kg (-1), 30 Wh L-1) and specific power (up to 290 W kg(-1), 93 WL-1), highly stable cycling performance, and complete reversibility within the potential range of 0.012.20 V.
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