Journal
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 7, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00200
Keywords
chemokine; cytokine; biomarker; leishmaniasis; whole blood assay; asymptomatic; treatment
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Funding
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi)
- Department for International Development (DFID), UK
- Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Switzerland
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III via the Tropical Diseases Research Network [RICET RD12/0018/0003, RD12/0018/0008]
- ISCIII-AES project Impact of a leishmaniasis outbreak in the southwest of Madrid in the immunosuppressed population [PI13/00440]
- VII PN I+D+I programme
- FEDER Funds [RICET RD12/0018/0003]
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New biomarkers are needed for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). They might also improve the detection of the asymptomatic population in Leishmania-endemic areas. This paper examines the IL-2, IFN-gamma, IFN-gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), and monokine-induced-by-IFN-gamma (MIG) levels in whole bloodstimulated in vitro with soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA)taken from asymptomatic individuals and patients treated for VL living in a post-outbreak (Leishmania infantum) area in Spain, and in an endemic (Leishmania donovani) area of Bangladesh. IP-10 was found to be an accurate global marker of asymptomatic subjects with positive cellular/humoral tests, while MIG was found to be a better marker of contact with L. donovani than IL-2 but no for those with L. infantum. Determining IP-10, MIG, and IFN-gamma levels proved useful in monitoring the cellular immune response following treatment for active disease caused by L. infantum.
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