Journal
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
Volume 235, Issue 5, Pages 1501-1509Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-4904-9
Keywords
Stroke; Bilateral force control; Uncontrolled manifold; Bilateral synergies; Coordination; Upper extremity
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Dysfunction in bilateral coordination post-stroke is responsible for impaired bilateral movements. This study examined bilateral synergies using the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) approach while individuals in a chronic stage after stroke executed bilateral isometric force control at three submaximal force levels. Nine patients with stroke and nine age-matched healthy controls performed 24 trials of wrist and fingers extension at 5, 25, and 50% of MVC. The UCM findings revealed: (a) decreased bilateral synergies in patients with stroke as compared to controls at 50% of MVC and (b) reduced good variability and increased bad variability components in patients with stroke at 50% of MVC. Moreover, correlation analyses across both groups showed that a reduction of bilateral synergies was related to increased force error at 50% of MVC and an inconsistent force ratio between the two hands across multiple trials correlated with increased good and bad variability at 5% of MVC. Current findings indicate that quantifying bilateral synergies may provide meaningful profiles for estimating impairments as well as improvements of cooperative behaviors between two hands post-stroke.
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