Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 754, Issue -, Pages 165-173Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.028
Keywords
Thymol; Isoproterenol; Lysosomal enzymes; Pro-inflammatory cytokines; Inflammation; Myocardial infarction
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Inflammation plays an important role in the development of myocardial infarction (MI). The current study dealt with the protective effects of thymol on inflammation in isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarcted rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pre and co-treated with thymol (7.5 mg/kg body weight) daily for 7 days. ISO (100 mg/kg body weight) was injected subcutaneously into rats at an interval of 24 h for two days (6th and 7th day) to induce MI. ISO induced myocardial infarcted rats showed increased levels of serum cardiac troponin-T, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), lysosomal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and elevated ST-segments. Also, the activities of lysosomal enzymes such as beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, cathepsin-B and D, the stimulators of inflammatory mediators were increased in the serum and heart of ISO induced myocardial infarcted rats. Furthermore, ISO up regulates the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNE-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) genes in the myocardium of rats analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Pre and co-treatment with thymol (7.5 mg/kg body weight) near normalized the levels of lysosomal TBARS, activities of serum and heart lysosomal enzymes and downregulates the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the myocardium of ISO induced myocardial infarcted rats. Histopathological and transmission electron microscopic findings were also found in line with biochemical findings. Thus, the results of our study revealed that thymol attenuates inflammation by inhibiting the release of lysosomal enzymes and downregulates the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines by its potent anti-inflammatory effect (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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