Poly(I:C) induced microRNA-146a regulates epithelial barrier and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in human nasal epithelial cells

Human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) are important in the tight junctional barrier and innate immune defense protecting against pathogens invading via Toll-like receptors (TERs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) I egulate expression of tight junctions as direct or indirect targeting genes and maintain the barrier Function. However, the roles of miRNAs in the epithelial barrier of HNECs via TLRs remain unknown. In the present study, to investigate the effects of miRNAs on the epithelial barrier of HNECs via TLRs, primary cultured HNECs transfected with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT-HNECs), were treated with the TLR3 ligand poly(I:C) and miRNA array analysis was performed. In the miRNA array of the cells treated with poly(I:C), upregulation of miR-187, -146a, -574, -4274, -4433, -4455 and -4750, and downregulation of miR-4785 by more than twofold compared to the control were observed. When control HNECs were treated with mimics and inhibitors of these miRNAs, an miR-146a mimic induced expression of tight junction proteins claudin-1, occludin and JAM-A together with an increase of the epithelial barrier function. The poly(I:C)-induced miR-146a was regulated via the distinct TLR3-mediatecl signal pathways PI3K, JNK and NE-kappa B. Furthermore, the miR-146a mimic prevented downregulation of claudin-1 and JAM-A and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-alpha induced by poly (I:C) by targeting TRAFG. These findings indicate that, in HNECs, miRNA-146a plays crucial roles in maintenance of the tight junction barrier and innate immune defense protecting against invading pathogens. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.