Journal
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REVIEWS
Volume 13, Issue 2, Pages 94-105Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1573403X12666161014094738
Keywords
ER stress; vascular smooth muscle cell; vascular calcification; atherosclerosis
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Funding
- British Heart Foundation [FS/11/9/28695]
- British Heart Foundation [FS/11/9/28695] Funding Source: researchfish
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Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in industrialised societies. The idea that the arterial smooth muscle cell (ASMC) plays a key role in regulating many vascular pathologies has been gaining importance, as has the realisation that not enough is known about the pathological cellular mechanisms regulating ASMC function in vascular remodelling. In the past decade endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) have been recognised as a stress response underlying many physiological and pathological processes in various vascular cell types. Here we summarise what is known about how ER stress signalling regulates phenotypic switching, trans/dedifferentiation and apoptosis of ASMCs and contributes to atherosclerosis, hypertension, aneurysms and vascular calcification.
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