Journal
CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Volume 21, Issue 6, Pages 489-502Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1385272820666160811123714
Keywords
CoQ(10); semi-synthesis; solanesol; side chain direct introduction; side chain extension; carbon addition; Diels-Alder rearrangement
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Funding
- National Key RD Program [2016YFD0600805]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2572015EA04, 2572014CA08]
- Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Funds for Scientific Research Initiation [LBH-Q13003]
- Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China [21403032]
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Much attention has been paid to coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) as a treatment for cardiovascular and neurological diseases because of the antioxidant activity since 1959. CoQ(10) is non-toxic. It has a wide range of health effects and is a popular commercial supplement. Despite these advantages, CoQ(10) faces synthetic challenges and low yield. The synthesis of CoQ(10) is very difficult. Researchers have described several semi-synthetic strategies. This review offers a detailed discussion of recent advances in the semi-synthesis of CoQ(10). Four strategies are presented including side chain direct introduction, side chain extension, carbon addition and Diels-Alder rearrangement. Most semi-synthetic strategies employ side chain extension to synthesize CoQ(10) because it increases the stereoselectivity and coupling efficiency of the side chain configuration. Side chain extension greatly improves the utilization of solanesol and reduces cost. This article presents the latest details in CoQ(10) synthesis.
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