Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 171, Issue -, Pages 617-624Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.107
Keywords
PFAAs; Plasma; Dietary predictors; Fatty acids; Singapore
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Funding
- Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, National University of Singapore
- National Research Foundation (NRF), Prime Minister's Office, Singapore, under its Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) program [E2S2-CREATE]
- Biomedical Research Council [03/1/27/18/216]
- National Medical Research Council [0838/2004, 1270/2010]
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Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs), a family of man-made organofluorinated compounds, have drawn much attention due to their ubiquitous existence in the environment and their bioaccumulation potential. Here, we examined the plasma concentrations of thirteen PFAAs in a healthy population (N = 270) in Singapore, and investigated the association between major food groups and plasma PFAA concentrations. We detected eight types of PFAAs in more than 75% of all samples (N = 270), and their median concentrations ranged from 0.05 to 8.34 ng mL(-1). Age- and gender-related differences were observed for the three dominant PFAAs, i.e., perfiuorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and perfiuorooctanoate acid (PFOA), with concentrations being higher in men and older adults. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that fish, shellfish, red meat and poultry were associated with increased PFAAs concentrations in plasma, whereas grains and soy products showed inverse associations with PFAAs. Further, significant correlations were observed between various long chain PFAAs and plasma concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids, suggesting seafood was a significant source of these PFAAs, within this population. Future studies on diet exposure to PFAAs are encouraged to focus more on the effects on diet pattern. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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