Journal
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Volume 27, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201605352
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Funding
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific (SSC PACIFIC) [N66001-13-C-2027]
- Office of Naval Research Young National Investigator Award
- National Institutes of Health [EB012597, AR057837, DE021468, HL099073, R56AI105024]
- Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE)
- Air Force Office of Sponsored Research [FA9550-15-1-0273]
- Brigham Research Institute
- Center for Faculty Development and Diversity's Office for Research Careers at Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Reny family
- Shanghai Municipal Education Commission
- Shanghai Education Development Foundation [14CG06]
- National Science, Technology and Innovation Plan (NSTIP) strategic technologies program in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [11-NAN1544-03]
- National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health Pathway to Independence Award [K99CA201603]
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [14328]
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Bioprinting is the most convenient microfabrication method to create biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissue constructs, that can be used to regenerate damaged tissue and provide platforms for drug screening. However, existing bioinks, which are usually composed of polymeric biomaterials, are poorly conductive and delay efficient electrical coupling between adjacent cardiac cells. To solve this problem, a gold nanorod (GNR)-incorporated gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based bioink is developed for printing 3D functional cardiac tissue constructs. The GNR concentration is adjusted to create a proper microenvironment for the spreading and organization of cardiac cells. At optimized concentrations of GNR, the nanocomposite bioink has a low viscosity, similar to pristine inks, which allows for the easy integration of cells at high densities. As a result, rapid deposition of cell-laden fibers at a high resolution is possible, while reducing shear stress on the encapsulated cells. In the printed GNR constructs, cardiac cells show improved cell adhesion and organization when compared to the constructs without GNRs. Furthermore, the incorporated GNRs bridge the electrically resistant pore walls of polymers, improve the cell-to-cell coupling, and promote synchronized contraction of the bioprinted constructs. Given its advantageous properties, this gold nanocomposite bioink may find wide application in cardiac tissue engineering.
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