Journal
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Volume 5, Issue 9, Pages 7537-7548Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00558
Keywords
Hydrothermal process; CdS nanoflower; Synergistic effect; Photoelectrochemical; Photoconversion efficiency; Hydrogen generation
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Funding
- Basic Science Research Programs through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2012R1A6A3A04038530]
- Public Technology Program of the Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) [2014000160001]
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With the application of ethylenediamine (EDA) as a solvent, a template, and co-ordination agents, novel photoanode architecture of the cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoflower (NF)/rutile(R)-TiO2 nanorod (NR) heterojunction is successfully synthesized using a facile two-step hydrothermal process. The optimized CdS (medium concentration; MC) NF/R-TiO2 NR heterojunction exhibited a greatly enhanced visible-light photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance, whereby the highest photocurrent density of 3.23 mA cm(-2) at 0.1 V versus Ag/AgCl and a photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.46% were achieved under solar light irradiation. The optimal photocurrent density of the CdS (MC) NF/R-TiO2 NR heterojunction, photoanode is 2.54 times (60.68%) higher than that of the pristine R-TiO2 NR because of an effective light absorption, an appropriate band-edge position, and the charge separation. Furthermore, the open circuit voltage (V-OC) was shifted from -0.85 V to -1.34 V due to the grafting of the CdS NF onto the R-TiO2 NR facet; this surface modification reveals the synergistic effect. The optimal CdS (MC) NF/R-TiO2 NR heterojunction showed a PEC hydrogen (H-2) generation of 1007.98 mu mol after 3 h. The design of the novel heterojunction photoanode that is proposed in the present strategy can shed light on the fabrication of new, cheap photocatalysts for an effective H-2 generation.
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