Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 9, Issue 12, Pages 10963-10970Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16397
Keywords
Triplet-triplet annihilation; exciplex; organic light-emitting diode; energy transfer; upconversion
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), R.O.C [MOST 102-2221-E-002-182-MY3, 104-2221-E-002-156-MY3, 106-3113-E-155-001-CC2, 105-2221-E-002-130-MY3, 105-2221-E-239-024, 105-3113-E-15S-001, 104-3113-E-155-001, 103-3113-E-155-001, 103-2221-E-155-028-MY3, 105-2221-E-155-239-024]
- National Science Foundation [DMR-1508099]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [1508099] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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A new concept for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is presented, which is called exciplex-sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation (ESTTA). The exciplex formed at the organic heterojunction interface of 4,4',4 ''-tris(N-3-methyphenyl-N-phenyl-amino) triphenylamine and 9,10-bis(2'-naphthyl) anthracene (ADN) is used to sensitize the triplet triplet annihilation (TTA) process on the ADN molecules. This results in a turn-on voltage (2.2 V) of the blue emission from the OLED below the bandgap (2.9 eV). From the transient electro-luminescence measurement, blue emission totally came from the TTA process without direct recombination on the ADN molecules. The blue singlet exciton from the TTA process can be quenched by energy transfer to the exciplex, as revealed by transient photoluminescence measurements. This can be prevented by blocking the energy transfer path and improving the radiative recombination rate of blue emission. With the insertion of the triplet diffusion and singlet blocking (TDSB) layer and the incorporation of the dopant material, an ESTTA-OLED with external quantum efficiency of 54% was achieved, which consists of yellow and blue emission coming from the exciplex and ESTTA process, respectively.
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