Industrial-Quality Graphene Oxide Switched Highly Efficient Metal- and Solvent-Free Synthesis of β-Ketoenamines under Feasible Conditions

Metal- and solvent-free industrial-quality graphene oxide (IQGO)-based highly efficient carbocatalytic system has been developed for the synthesis of beta-ketoenamines. Initially, physicochemical properties of IQGO are briefly discussed by means of various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The present system accessed a wide range of substrates to yield beta-ketoenamines in an excellent yield (86-100%) with 100% selectivity. Catalytic activity of IQGO is compared with other carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, and graphene nanoplatelets. Cost effective recovery, high level reusability, chemoselective nature, possible scale reaction, and sustain-ability of IQGO are demonstrated. Based upon experimental results and earlier reports, possible reaction mechanism has been proposed for the synthesis of beta-ketoenamines.