Saponin fraction isolated from Conyza blinii H.Lev. demonstrates strong anti-cancer activity that is due to its NF-κB inhibition

CBS (Conyza blinii saponin) is the total triterpenoidal saponins of Conyza blinii H. Lev which is a type of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). We have discovered that CBS has a profound cytostatic activity against a range of solid tumour cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. We also confirm that the cytostatic activity of CBS originates from its apoptosis induction effect. Additionally, we use immunoblot to find out that the apoptosis induction effect of CBS is attributable to the activation of mitochondrial pathway. Mechanistic study demonstrates that CBS is an effective NF-kappa B inhibitor. It inhibits p65 nuclear translocation and NF-kappa B downstream gene expression, including XIAP, survivin, Bcl-xL, COX-2, cyclin D1, MMP-2, MMP-9 in HeLa cells. Tumour xenografted animal models verify the anti-cancer efficacy in vivo. Tumour growth is significantly repressed in two CBS-treated groups compared with the controls (P < 0.001). CBS treatment (i. g.) leads to a 48.5% and 57.0% reduction in terms of tumour weight for the 10 and 20 mg/kg dosed groups respectively. Also no apparent observable adverse effects can be seen. These results suggest that CBS obliterate tumour, at least in part due to its NF-kappa B inhibition, which creates potential for CBS to be developed as a practical cancer treatment. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.