Improving and evaluating reflective narratives: A rubric for higher education students

This paper presents a new instrument for the evaluation and improvement of the reflective narratives of students in higher education: the Rubric for Narrative Reflection Assessment (NARRA). First, we describe the process of construction of the rubric, with its elements, indicators and levels. Second, we present the results of a validation process that used the judgements of external experts, who confirmed the usefulness of the instrument. Third, we show the results of NARRA's first application to students' narratives. We conclude that the new rubric we propose works well in grading the degree of reflection on the basis of subjective texts. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.