Journal
ANAEROBE
Volume 44, Issue -, Pages 3-12Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.01.001
Keywords
Anaerobic gut bacteria; Human intestinal epithelium; Co-culture system; Host-microbe interactions; Transwell co-culture; Host-Microbiota Interaction (HMI) module; Human oxygen-Bacteria anaerobic; (HoxBan) system; The human gut-on-a-chip; HuMiX model
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Funding
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition (TIFN) in Wageningen
- Center for Development & Innovation of the University Medical Center Groningen
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The microbiota of the gut has many crucial functions in human health. Dysbiosis of the microbiota has been correlated to a large and still increasing number of diseases. Recent studies have mostly focused on analyzing the associations between disease and an aberrant microbiota composition. Functional studies using (in vitro) gut models are required to investigate the precise interactions that occur between specific bacteria (or bacterial mixtures) and gut epithelial cells. As most gut bacteria are obligate or facultative anaerobes, studying their effect on oxygen-requiring human gut epithelial cells is technically challenging. Still, several (anaerobic) bacterial-epithelial co-culture systems have recently been developed that mimic host-microbe interactions occurring in the human gut, including 1) the Transwell apical anaerobic model of the intestinal epithelial barrier, 2) the Host-Microbiota Interaction (HMI) module, 3) the Human oxygen-Bacteria anaerobic (HoxBan) system, 4) the human gut-on-a-chip and 5) the HuMiX model. This review discusses the role of gut microbiota in health and disease and gives an overview of the characteristics and applications of these novel host-microbe co-culture systems. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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