Journal
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
Volume 17, Issue 4, Pages 254-268Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2016.140
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- Science Foundation Ireland [13/CDA/2183, 15/TIDA/2963]
- Irish Cancer Society Collaborative Cancer Research Centre BREAST-PREDICT Grant [CCRC13GAL]
- Breast Cancer Now
- KULeuven GOA [GOA/14/012]
- Stichting tegen Kanker
- Breast Cancer Research Foundation
- Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III [PI16/00253, PI13/01714, PI13/0133, PIE13/00022]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-ONC)
- Cancer Research UK [C29717/A17263]
- Wellcome Trust [10372/Z/14/Z]
- Scottish Genomes Partnership - SEHHD-CSO [1175759/2158447]
- Howat Foundation
- Pancreatic Cancer UK
- Cancer Research UK
- European Union [260791]
- CETOCOEN PLUS project [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000469]
- RECETOX Research Infrastructure [LM2015051]
- NIH [R01CA156695]
- European Research Council (ERC) [1400206AdG-322875]
- NCI [1UM1CA186688]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity MINECO
- ISCIII [PIE13/00022, SAF2014-55997]
- FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
- Susan Komen Foundation [CCR13262449, CCR15330331]
- European Research Council [CoG682935]
- Irish Health Research Board Health Research Award [HRA-POR-2014-547]
- Dutch Cancer Society [RUG 2010-4833, RUG 20115231, RUG 2012-5477, RUG 2014-6691, NKI 2011-5197, EMCR 2014-7048, NKI-2013-5799]
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research [Zenith 93512009, Vici 91814643]
- European Research Council (ERCSyG CombatCancer)
- ERC Advanced Grant [341131]
- Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC) Investigator Investigator Grant [14216]
- Norwegian Cancer Society [421851]
- Research Council of Norway [222262/F20, 250459/F20]
- Miguel Servet Program [MSII14/00037, CP14/00028]
- FERO Foundation
- Worldwide Cancer Research (WCR/AICR) [13-1182]
- European Research Council (CoG) [617473]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS) [PI13/01705]
- Fundacion Mutua Madrilena [AP150932014]
- Spanish Association Against Cancer from Barcelona, AECC
- AIRC [15571, 9970, 14205, 12944]
- Fondazione Piemontese per la Ricerca sul Cancro-ONLUS (Italian Ministry of Health)
- MRC [MR/M008975/1, MC_PC_15080] Funding Source: UKRI
- ICREA Funding Source: Custom
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) [15/TIDA/2963, 13/CDA/2183] Funding Source: Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
- Cancer Research UK [9675, 23526, 22533, 16942, 17263] Funding Source: researchfish
- Chief Scientist Office [SGP/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MR/M008975/1, MC_PC_15080] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0515-10090, NF-SI-0611-10154] Funding Source: researchfish
- Pancreatic Cancer UK [FLF2015_04_Glasgow] Funding Source: researchfish
- Wellcome Trust [103721/Z/14/Z] Funding Source: researchfish
- Health Research Board (HRB) [HRA-POR-2014-547] Funding Source: Health Research Board (HRB)
- European Research Council (ERC) [617473, 341131] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have emerged as an important platform to elucidate new treatments and biomarkers in oncology. PDX models are used to address clinically relevant questions, including the contribution of tumour heterogeneity to therapeutic responsiveness, the patterns of cancer evolutionary dynamics during tumour progression and under drug pressure, and the mechanisms of resistance to treatment. The ability of PDX models to predict clinical outcomes is being improved through mouse humanization strategies and the implementation of co-clinical trials, within which patients and PDXs reciprocally inform therapeutic decisions. This Opinion article discusses aspects of PDX modelling that are relevant to these questions and highlights the merits of shared PDX resources to advance cancer medicine from the perspective ofEurOPDX, an international initiative devoted to PDX-based research.
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