Journal
ELEMENTS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 11-16Publisher
MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.2113/gselements.13.1.11
Keywords
thermometry; barometry; arc volcanoes; eruption triggers; magma storage; magma transport
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Funding
- NSF [EAR-1250322, EAR-1250323.]
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Magmas are erupted from a wide range of depths. Olivine compositions, for example, indicate magma storage in the lower crust and upper mantle, while clinopyroxene and amphibole record middle to upper crust storage. Pre-eruptive magmas also often cool by 100-300 degrees C, frequently at middle-upper crust depths, indicating clogged, ephemeral volcanic pathways. These coolings imply that mafic recharge is not a sufficient cause for eruption and that crystallization-induced vapor saturation is a more proximal eruption trigger. But an improved understanding of eruption mechanisms require precise identifications of what are herein termed ultimate, proximal, and immediate auses of eruption.
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