Journal
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Volume 314, Issue -, Pages 508-514Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2016.12.008
Keywords
Biomass conversion; Biofuel; 5-EMF; Hydrogen bond; Etherification
Categories
Funding
- JSPS (Japan) [25289272]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16H04549] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid as co-solvent and as homogeneous catalyst in ethanol solvent allows efficient conversion of fructose into 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (5-EMF) directly at mild conditions. Ionic liquids [A][B] ([A](+) = 1-methylimidazolium, [C(1)im](+); 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, [C(2)mim](+); or 1-butyl-3methylimidazolium, [C(4)mim](+), [B](-) = hydrogen sulfate, [HSO4](-); acetate, [AC](-); diethylphosphate, [DEIT](-)); dimethylphosphate, [DMP](-)) or chloride, [Cl](-) were studied. In the [C(4)mim][HSO4]-ethanol system, 83% 5-EMF yields were obtained from fructose at 130 degrees C in 20 min reaction time that can be attributed to the anion acidity and to a stabilizing hydrogen bond that forms between the ionic liquid and 5-HMF. The ionic liquid was demonstrated to be reusable for five times with minimal loss in catalytic activity (ca. 3% loss in 5-EMF yield). Hydrogen sulfate ionic liquids as co-solvent and catalyst in ethanol allow efficient conversion of biomass-related mixtures that contain fructose or a 5-HMF intermediate into biofuels.(C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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