Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 2823-2834Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07916
Keywords
Stark effect; photoinduced ion migration; perovskite solar cells; CH3NH3PbI3; mixed halide perovskites; cation-dependent ion movement
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Funding
- Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science (UPPMAX) [snic2014-3-71, snic2015-6-65]
- Swedish Energy Agency
- Swedish Research Council
- STandUp for Energy program
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Organometallic halide perovskites (OMHPs) have recently emerged as a promising class of materials in photovoltaic technology. Here, we present an in-depth investigation of the physics in these systems by measuring the photoinduced absorption (PIA) in OMHPs as a function of materials composition, excitation wavelength, and modulation frequency. We report a photoinduced Stark effect that depends on the excitation wavelength and on the dipole strength of the monovalent cations in the A position of the ABX(3) perovskite. The results presented are corroborated by density functional theory calculations and provide fundamental information about the photoinduced local electric field change under blue and red excitation as well as insights into the mechanism of light induced ion displacement in OMHPs. For optimized perovskite solar cell devices beyond 19% efficiency, we show that excess thermalization energy of blue photons plays a role in overcoming the activation energy for ion diffusion.
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