Journal
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
Volume 13, Issue 5, Pages 1018-1030Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1276138
Keywords
broadly neutralizing antibodies; functional antibodies; HIV; RV144; vaccine
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Funding
- U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (Military Infectious Diseases Research Program) [W81XWH-11-2-0174]
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine
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An HIV-1 vaccine is needed to curtail the HIV epidemic. Only one (RV144) out of the 6 HIV-1 vaccine efficacy trials performed showed efficacy. A potential mechanism of protection is the induction of functional antibodies to V1V2 region of HIV envelope. The 2 main current approaches to the generation of protective immunity are through broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAb) and induction of functional antibodies (non-neutralizing Abs with other potential anti-viral functions). Passive immunization using bnAb has advanced into phase II clinical trials. The induction of bnAb using mimics of the natural Env trimer or B-cell lineage vaccine design is still in pre-clinical phase. An attempt at optimization of protective functional antibodies will be assessed next with the efficacy trial (HVTN702) about to start. With on-going optimization of prime/boost strategies, the development of mosaic immunogens, replication competent vectors, and emergence of new strategies designed to induce bnAb, the prospects for a preventive HIV vaccine have never been more promising.
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