Journal
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 206, Issue -, Pages 95-104Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.01.007
Keywords
Triploidy; HSP; Stress response; Proteostasis; Salmonid
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [CRDPJ 283146-03]
- Collaborative Research and Development Grant
- Cooke Aquaculture
- Heritage Salmon
- Corey Feed Mills
- Atlantic Salmon Federation
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada [F5261-000053]
- Canadian Biotechnology Strategy
- University of New Brunswick
- Graduate Research/Teaching Assistantships
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This research investigated how ploidy level (diploid versus triploid) affects the heat shock protein (HSP) response in erythrocytes under different thermal stress regimes, both in vivo and in vitro, in Atlantic salmon (Salmo solar) and brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in order to address the question of why triploids typically have reduced thermal tolerance. A preliminary study confirmed that identical volumes of diploid and triploid erythrocytes (which equates to a smaller number of larger cells for triploids compared to diploids) did not differ in total protein synthesis rates. After chronic (100 d) acclimation of fish to 5, 15 and 25 degrees C, triploid erythrocytes had lower HSP70, HSP90, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and ubiquitin (free and total) levels than diploids in both species. Furthermore, Atlantic salmon erythrocytes showed significantly higher protein breakdown (based on conjugated ubiquitin levels) in triploids than diploids after acute heat stress in vitro, but no significant difference was detected between ploidies after acute cold stress. These results indicate that: 1) triploid erythrocytes synthesize more total protein per cell than diploids as a result of increased cell size; 2) triploids have sufficient total HSP levels for survival under low stress conditions; and 3) the lower basal titres of HSPs in triploids may be a handicap when combating acute stress. Taken together, this suggests that triploids are limited in their ability to withstand thermal stress because of a reduced ability to maintain proteostasis under stressful conditions. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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