Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 24, Issue -, Pages 42-50Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.01.004
Keywords
Mindset; Implicit theories of intelligence; Error monitoring; Error positivity; Event-related potential
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Funding
- Fuller Theological Seminary/Thrive Center
- John Templeton Foundation
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [DGE-0802267]
- National Institutes of Health [HD065879]
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Individuals who believe intelligence is malleable (a growth mindset) are better able to bounce back from failures than those who believe intelligence is immutable. Event-related potential (ERP) studies among adults suggest this resilience is related to increased attention allocation to errors. Whether this mechanism is present among young children remains unknown, however. We therefore evaluated error-monitoring ERPs among 123 school-aged children while they completed a child-friendly go/no-go task. As expected, higher attention allocation to errors (indexed by larger error positivity, Pe) predicted higher post-error accuracy. Moreover, replicating adult work, growth mindset was related to greater attention to mistakes (larger Pe) and higher post-error accuracy. Exploratory moderation analyses revealed that growth mindset increased post-error accuracy for children who did not attend to their errors. Together, these results demonstrate the combined role of growth mindset and neural mechanisms of attention allocation in bouncing back after failure among young children. (c) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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