A comprehensive approach to assess the costs of renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease in France: the importance of age, diabetes status, and clinical events

In the current pressured economic context, and to continue to treat the growing number of patients with high-quality standards, the first step is to have a better understanding of the costs related to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treatment according to various renal replacement therapy, age, diabetes status, and clinical events. In order to estimate the direct costs of all adult ESRD patients, according to (RRT) modality, patient condition, and clinical events, data from the French national health insurance funds were used. The mean monthly costs for the 47,862 stable prevalent patients (73 % of the population) varied substantially according to treatment modality (from 7300a,notsign for in-center hemodialysis to 1100a,notsign for a functioning renal graft) and to clinical event (8300a,notsign for the first month of dialysis, 11,000a,notsign for the last month before death, 22,800a,notsign for the first month after renal transplantation). Mean monthly costs varied according to diabetic status and to age to a lesser extent. These results demonstrate, for the first time in France and in Europe, the importance of a dynamic view of renal care and the bias likely when comparing treatments in cross-sectional studies.