Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 9, Issue 15, Pages 13801-13811Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02682
Keywords
microfluidic; PMMA; silica nanoparticles; superhydrophobic; resazurin; anaerobic toxicity
Funding
- Environmental & Water Industry Programme Office [PUB IDD 21100/36/6]
- Singapore National Research Foundation
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) for the SINGA scholarship
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Microfluidic droplet reactors have many potential uses, from analytical to synthesis. Stable operation requires preferential wetting of the channel surface by the continuous phase which is often not fulfilled by. materials commonly used for lab-on-chip devices. Here we show thata silica nanoparticle (SiNP) layer coated onto a Poly(methyl inethacrylate) (PMMA) and other thermoplastics surface enhances its wetting properties by creating nanoroughness, and allows simple grafting of hydrocarbon chains through silane chemistry. Using the unusual stability of silica sols at their isoelectric point, a dense SiNP layer, is adsorbed, onto PMMA and renders the surface superhydrophilic. Subsequently, a self-assembled dodecyltrichlorosilane (DTS) monolayer yields a superhydrophobic surface that allows the repeatable generation of aqueous.droplets in a hexadecane continuous phase without surfactant addition. A SiNP-DTS modified chip has been used to monitor bacterial viability with a resazurin assay. The whole process involving sequential reagents injection, and multiplexed droplet fluorescence intensity monitoring is carried out on chip. Metabolic inhibition of the anaerobe Enterococcus faecalis by 30 mg L-1 of NiCl2 was detected in 5 min.
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