Journal
ELECTROPHORESIS
Volume 38, Issue 7, Pages 1083-1090Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600382
Keywords
Capillary electrophoresis; Hippuric acid; Methylhippuric acid; Molecularly imprinted polymer; Urine
Funding
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) [CDS-PPM-00144-15, CEX-APQ-01556-13]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, Brasilia, Brazil)
- FAPEMIG [REDE-113/10, CEX-RED-0010-14]
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Hippuric acid (HA) and 4-methylhippuric acid (4-MHA) are metabolites as well as biological indicators for toluene and xylenes, respectively, and their determination in urine samples is very important, in order to monitor the occupational exposition to these solvents, ensuring a safe working environment. Thus, this paper describes the synthesis and characterization of a probe impregnated with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the solid-phase extraction of HA and 4-MHA directly from untreated urine samples followed by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) analyses. The MIP probe selectivity was compared to the non-imprinted polymer probe. The MEKC separations were carried out in 50 mmol/L sodium tetraborate pH 10.0/0.5 mmol/L cetyltrimethylammonium bromide aqueous solution, with a constant voltage of -15 kV. The system variables were optimized to provide ideal conditions for the extraction and desorption of the analytes, as well as for the MEKC analyses. The method was linear from 0.5 to 5.0 g/L for both analytes, with correlation coefficients >0.994. Precisions and accuracies, expressed as relative standard deviation and relative error, were < 20.0 and within -15.4 to 16.6%, respectively, in accordance with the United States Food and Drug Administration recommendation. The MIP probe has proven to be simple, cheap, resistant, and synthetically reproducible, being successfully used to analyze both HA and 4-MHA from real samples.
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