Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
Volume 43, Issue 6, Pages 1139-1150Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-015-3231-2
Keywords
Tau imaging; Dementia; Neurodegenerative diseases
Funding
- Medical Research Council
- Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE)
- Alzheimer's Research, UK
- Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation
- Alzheimer's Society, UK
- Novo Nordisk
- GE Healthcare
- Alzheimer's Research Trust
- AstraZeneca
- Cytox
- Shire
- Novartis
- GSK, Holland
- Navidea
- UCB
- Acadia
- Michael J Fox Foundation
- European Commission
- Alzheimers Research UK [ARUK-PG2014-20] Funding Source: researchfish
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Aggregated tau protein is a major neuropathological substrate central to the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. In AD, it has been shown that the density of hyperphosphorylated tau tangles correlates closely with neuronal dysfunction and cell death, unlike beta-amyloid. Until now, diagnostic and pathologic information about tau deposition has only been available from invasive techniques such as brain biopsy or autopsy. The recent development of selective in-vivo tau PET imaging ligands including [F-18]THK523, [F-18]THK5117, [F-18]THK5105 and [F-18]THK5351, [F-18]AV1451(T807) and [C-11]PBB3 has provided information about the role of tau in the early phases of neurodegenerative diseases, and provided support for diagnosis, prognosis, and imaging biomarkers to track disease progression. Moreover, the spatial and longitudinal relationship of tau distribution compared with beta - amyloid and other pathologies in these diseases can be mapped. In this review, we discuss the role of aggregated tau in tauopathies, the challenges posed in developing selective tau ligands as biomarkers, the state of development in tau tracers, and the new clinical information that has been uncovered, as well as the opportunities for improving diagnosis and designing clinical trials in the future.
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