Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 56, Issue 22, Pages 6192-6197Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701026
Keywords
lithium-sulfur batteries; low ion-pairing salts; polysulfide shuttle; sparingly solvating electrolyte; sulfonamide
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Funding
- BASF International Scientific Network for Electrochemistry and Batteries
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology
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The step-change in gravimetric energy density needed for electrochemical energy storage devices to power unmanned autonomous vehicles, electric vehicles, and enable low-cost clean grid storage is unlikely to be provided by conventional lithium ion batteries. Lithium-sulfur batteries comprising lightweight elements provide a promising alternative, but the associated polysulfide shuttle in typical ether-based electrolytes generates loss in capacity and low coulombic efficiency. The first new electrolyte based on a unique combination of a relatively hydrophobic sulfonamide solvent and a low ion-pairing salt, which inhibits the polysulfide shuttle, is presented. This system behaves as a sparingly solvating electrolyte at slightly elevated temperatures, where it sustains reversible capacities as high as 1200-1500 mAh g(-1) over a wide range of current density (2C-C/5, respectively) when paired with a lithium metal anode, with a coulombic efficiency of >99.7% in the absence of LiNO3 additive.
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