Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 29, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606860
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability [57558]
- Qatar National Research Fund through the National Priorities Research Program [NPRP 7-162-2-077]
- Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, U.S. Department of Energy [KC020105-FWP12152]
- Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
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Solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) films with controllable properties are highly desirable for improving battery performance. In this paper, a combined experimental and theoretical approach is used to study SEI films formed on hard carbon in Li- and Na-ion batteries. It is shown that a stable SEI layer can be designed by precycling an electrode in a desired Li- or Na-based electrolyte, and that ionic transport can be kinetically controlled. Selective Li- and Na-based SEI membranes are produced using Li- or Na-based electrolytes, respectively. The Na-based SEI allows easy transport of Li ions, while the Li-based SEI shuts off Na-ion transport. Na-ion storage can be manipulated by tuning the SEI layer with film-forming electrolyte additives, or by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface. The Na specific capacity can be controlled to < 25 mAh g(-1); approximate to 1/10 of the normal capacity (250 mAh g(-1)). Unusual selective/ preferential transport of Li ions is demonstrated by preforming an SEI layer on the electrode surface and corroborated with a mixed electrolyte. This work may provide new guidance for preparing good ion-selective conductors using electrochemical approaches.
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