Journal
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 6, Pages 363-375Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nri.2017.21
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Funding
- US National Institutes of Health [R01 AG047632]
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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) - which is well known for its role in oxidative phosphorylation and maternally inherited mitochondrial diseases - is increasingly recognized as an agonist of the innate immune system that influences antimicrobial responses and inflammatory pathology. On entering the cytoplasm, extracellular space or circulation, mtDNA can engage multiple pattern-recognition receptors in cell-type- and context-dependent manners to trigger pro-inflammatory and type I interferon responses. Here, we review the expanding research field of mtDNA in innate immune responses to highlight new mechanistic insights and discuss the physiological and pathological relevance of this exciting area of mitochondrial biology.
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