Journal
RSC ADVANCES
Volume 7, Issue 74, Pages 46812-46822Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09124a
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21475104, 21775121]
- Industry Development Project by the Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province [2016GY-214]
- Major Innovation Projects for Building First-class Universities in China's Western Region [ZKZD2017003]
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Mixed-mode chromatographic (MMC) stationary phases must be functionalized with at least two functional groups to yield multiple interactions. The present study proposed a novel approach of grafting copolymers with monomers with different properties via surface initiated-atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) for the development of MMC stationary phases. In the synthesis, block copolymers and random copolymers containing sodium 4-styrenesulfonate (NASS) and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) units were controllably grafted onto a silica surface via SI-ATRP for the preparation of hydrophilic/ion-exchange stationary phases. Upon investigation of their retention behaviors under different chromatographic conditions (i.e. water content, salt concentration and pH in mobile phase, column temperature) compared to a typical diol column, both the block and random copolymer stationary phases presented mixed-mode retention mechanisms involving hydrophilic and ion-exchange interactions. Furthermore, various solutes, such as basic beta-agonists, strong polar nucleosides, organic acids, and a real sample of safflower injection, were employed to evaluate the separation selectivities of the stationary phases; similar selectivities and good separation efficiencies were achieved on the two copolymer columns. In conclusion, the method of surface-grafted copolymers via SI-ATRP possesses potential for further applications in the development of various MMC stationary phases.
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