Journal
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Volume 1396, Issue 1, Pages 70-91Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13318
Keywords
sustained attention; vigilance; mind wandering; reward; attention networks; default mode network
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Funding
- Department of Veterans Affairs
- National Institute of Health NCCIH grant [R21 AT009430-01]
- National Institute of Health NEI grant [R01 EY026057-01]
- Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical SciencesResearch and Development Service [IK2CX000706-01A2]
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Models of attention often distinguish among attention subtypes, with classic models separating orienting, switching, and sustaining functions. Compared with other forms of attention, the neurophysiological basis of sustaining attention has received far less notice, yet it is known that momentary failures of sustained attention can have far-ranging negative effects in healthy individuals, and lasting sustained attention deficits are pervasive in clinical populations. In recent years, however, there has been increased interest in characterizing moment-to-moment fluctuations in sustained attention, in addition to the overall vigilance decrement, and understanding how these neurocognitive systems change over the life span and across various clinical populations. The use of novel neuroimaging paradigms and statistical approaches has allowed for better characterization of the neural networks supporting sustained attention and has highlighted dynamic interactions within and across multiple distributed networks that predict behavioral performance. These advances have also provided potential biomarkers to identify individuals with sustained attention deficits. These findings have led to new theoretical models explaining why sustaining focused attention is a challenge for individuals and form the basis for the next generation of sustained attention research, which seeks to accurately diagnose and develop theoretically driven treatments for sustained attention deficits that affect a variety of clinical populations.
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