Journal
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
Volume 412, Issue -, Pages 52-57Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.03.242
Keywords
Pulsed Electron Deposition; CIGS; Bifacial solar cells; Back-contact; In-free; AZO
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Funding
- Rolling CIGS project of the CNR programme: Progetto Bandiera - La Fabbrica del Futuro
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We report on the fabrication and characterization of Cu(ln,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS)-based thin film bifacial solar cells using Al-doped ZnO (AZO) as cost-effective and non-toxic transparent back contact. We show that, by depositing both CIGS and AZO by Low Temperature Pulsed Electron Deposition at a maximum temperature of 250 degrees C, a good ohmic contact is formed between the two layers and good quality solar cells can be fabricated as a result. Photovoltaic efficiencies as high as 9.3% (front illumination), 5.1% (backside illumination) and 11.6% (bifacial illumination) have been obtained so far. These values are remarkably higher than those previously reported in the literature. We demonstrate that this improvement is ascribed to the low-temperature deposition process that avoids the formation of Ga2O3 at the CIGS/AZO interface and favours the formation of a low-resistivity contact in agreement with device simulations. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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