Journal
DESALINATION
Volume 414, Issue -, Pages 18-27Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2017.03.032
Keywords
Polypropylene mat; Electrospinning; Polyvinylalcohol; Triton X-100; Membrane distillation
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Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Republic of China (Taiwan) [104-2221-E-027-004-MY3]
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management (IEEM)
- National Taipei University of Technology [104-2221-E-027-004-MY3]
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A novel category of improved performance membrane consisting of a hydrophobic mat and a hydrophilic electrospun layer for membrane distillation (MD) application has been presented. The nanofibrous non-woven layer was fabricated by electrospinning of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) incorporated with Triton X-100 directly onto the polypropylene (PP) mat. To render the membrane distillation process effective in terms of high permeate flux and salt rejection %, the concept of dual layer membrane is utilized with hydrophobic PP mat on top and hydrophilic PVA layer on bottom. In this study, PVA nanofibrous layer has been fabricated by incorporating nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 for uniformity and homogeneity in fiber diameter. Additionally, the PP mat acts as a top support layer and PVA-TX nanofiber acts as base layer which absorb the water molecules (condensed vapour), that enhances the vapour flux across the membrane. The modified bilayer PP/PVA-TX membranes were characterized by the pore size distribution, permeate flux, and rejection %, then compared with original PP mat. The salt rejection of the dual layered PP/PVA-TX membrane showed > 99% and still maintained 2 times higher permeate flux compared to PP membrane for long term operation of 15 h. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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