Journal
BIOMACROMOLECULES
Volume 18, Issue 7, Pages 2045-2055Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00306
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Funding
- Academy of Finland through its Centers of Excellence Programme
- Austrian Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management through the WoodWisdom Net+ project AeroWood
- University of Helsinki Research Funds
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation [4704580]
- European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP) [310892]
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We present an approach to construct biocompatible and photoluminescent hybrid materials comprised of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nano crystals (TO-CNCs). First, the amino-functionalized carbon quantum dots (NH2-CQDs) were synthesized using a simple microwave method, and the TO-CNCs were prepared by hydrochloric acid (HCl) hydrolysis followed by TEMPO mediated oxidation. The conjugation of NH2-CQDs and TO-CNCs was conducted via carbodiimide-assisted coupling,chemistry. The synthesized TO-CNC@CQD hybrid nanomaterials were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, cryo-transmittance electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Finally, the interactions of TO-CNC@CQD hybrids with HeLa and RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were investigated in vitro. Cell viability tests suggest the surface conjugation with NH2-CQDs not only improved the cytocompatibility of TO-CNCs, but also enhanced their cellular association and internalization on both HeLa and RAW 264.7 cells after 4 and 24 h incubation.
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