Journal
DIABETES CARE
Volume 40, Issue 7, Pages 920-927Publisher
AMER DIABETES ASSOC
DOI: 10.2337/dc17-0016
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Funding
- Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services
- Ministry of Education and Research
- National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [N01-ES-75558]
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [UO1 NS 047537-01, UO1 NS 047537-06A1]
- Research Council of Norway [221909/F20]
- Norwegian ExtraFoundation for Health and Rehabilitation [2010/2/0012]
- Oak Foundation, Geneva, Switzerland
- European Research Council
- Research Council of Norway
- University of Bergen
- Helse Vest
- Kristian Gerhard Jebsen Foundation
- Danish National Research Foundation
- Pharmacy Foundation
- Egmont Foundation
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- Augustinus Foundation
- Health Foundation
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
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OBJECTIVE Our aim was to study the relation between the duration of full and any breastfeeding and risk of type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included two population-based cohorts of children followed from birth (1996-2009) to 2014 (Denmark) or 2015 (Norway). We analyzed data from a total of 155,392 children participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC). Parents reported infant dietary practices when their child was 6 and 18 months old. The outcome was clinical type 1 diabetes, ascertained from nationwide childhood diabetes registries. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox regression. RESULTS Type 1 diabetes was identified in 504 children during follow-up, and the incidence of type 1 diabetes per 100,000 person-years was 30.5 in the Norwegian cohort and 23.5 in the Danish cohort. Children who were never breastfed had a twofold increased risk of type 1 diabetes compared with those who were breastfed (HR 2.29 [95% CI 1.14-4.61] for no breastfeeding vs. any breastfeeding for >= 12 months). Among those who were breastfed, however, the incidence of type 1 diabetes was independent of duration of both full breastfeeding (HR per month 0.99 [95% CI 0.97-1.01]) and any breastfeeding (0.97 [0.92-1.03]). CONCLUSIONS Suggestive evidence supports the contention that breastfeeding reduces the risk of type 1 diabetes. Among those who were breastfed, however, no evidence indicated that prolonging full or any breastfeeding was associated with a reduced risk of type 1 diabetes.
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