Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu9030265
Keywords
advanced glycation end products; albuminuria; diet; chronic kidney disease; diabetes; cardiovascular disease; inflammation
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1043753]
- JDRF Australia
- Australian Research Council Special Research Initiative in Type 1 Juvenile Diabetes
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
- Australian Postgraduate Award Scheme
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Diet is one of the largest modifiable risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related death and disability. CKD is largely a progressive disease; however, it is increasingly appreciated that hallmarks of chronic kidney disease such as albuminuria can regress over time. The factors driving albuminuria resolution remain elusive. Since albuminuria is a strong risk factor for GFR loss, modifiable lifestyle factors that lead to an improvement in albuminuria would likely reduce the burden of CKD in high-risk individuals, such as patients with diabetes. Dietary therapy such as protein and sodium restriction has historically been used in the management of CKD. Evidence is emerging to indicate that other nutrients may influence kidney health, either through metabolic or haemodynamic pathways or via the modification of gut homeostasis. This review focuses on the role of diet in the pathogenesis and progression of CKD and discusses the latest findings related to the mechanisms of diet-induced kidney disease. It is possible that optimizing diet quality or restricting dietary intake could be harnessed as an adjunct therapy for CKD prevention or progression in susceptible individuals, thereby reducing the burden of CKD.
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