Journal
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
Volume 35, Issue -, Pages 47-62Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.04.005
Keywords
mTOR; B lymphocyte development; Folliculin; Fnipl
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Funding
- NIH [R56 A1092093, R21 AI109020, R01 AI092093, K01 OD10554, K01 OD21421]
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Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase originally discovered as the molecular target of the immunosuppressant rapamycin. mTOR forms two compositionally and functionally distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which are crucial for coordinating nutrient, energy, oxygen, and growth factor availability with cellular growth, proliferation, and survival. Recent studies have identified critical, non -redundant roles for mTORC1 and mTORC2 in controlling B cell development, differentiation, and functions, and have highlighted emerging roles of the Folliculin-Fnip protein complex in regulating mTOR and B cell development. In this review, we summarize the basic mechanisms of mTOR signaling; describe what is known about the roles of mTORC1, mTORC2, and the Folliculin/Fnipl pathway in B cell development and functions; and briefly outline current clinical approaches for targeting mTOR in B cell neoplasms. We conclude by highlighting a few salient questions and future perspectives regarding mTOR in B lineage cells. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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