Journal
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages 351-363Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S121283
Keywords
antimalarial; Shorea ovalis; in vivo; endophytic; Streptomyces; gancidin W
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia [UKM-NN03-FRGS 0042-2009]
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia [UKM_GUP-TKP-08-22-074]
- International Islamic University, Malaysia
- Tunku Naquiyuddin Foundation, Malaysia
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Endophytic Streptomyces strains are potential sources for novel bioactive molecules. In this study, the diketopiperazine gancidin W (GW) was isolated from the endophytic actinobacterial genus Streptomyces, SUK10, obtained from the bark of Shorea ovalis tree, and it was tested in vivo against Plasmodium berghei PZZ1/100. GW exhibited an inhibition rate of nearly 80% at 6.25 and 3.125 mu g kg(-1) body weight on day four using the 4-day suppression test method on male ICR strain mice. Comparing GW at both concentrations with quinine hydrochloride and normal saline as positive and negative controls, respectively, 50% of the mice treated with 3.125 mu g kg-1 body weight managed to survive for more than 11 months after infection, which almost reached the life span of normal mice. Biochemical tests of selected enzymes and proteins in blood samples of mice treated with GW were also within normal levels; in addition, no abnormalities or injuries were found on internal vital organs. These findings indicated that this isolated bioactive compound from Streptomyces SUK10 exhibits very low toxicity and is a good candidate for potential use as an antimalarial agent in an animal model.
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