Journal
CELL ADHESION & MIGRATION
Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages 187-195Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1273307
Keywords
cell migration; chemotaxis; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; fibronectin
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Funding
- NIH [1R01CA206458, 1R01GM117916, 1R01CA163592]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA206458, R01CA163592] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM117916] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Migration of cells toward chemical cues, or chemotaxis, is important for many biologic processes such as immune defense, wound healing and cancer metastasis. Although chemotaxis is thought to occur in cancer cells, it is less well characterized than chemotaxis of professional immune cells such as neutrophils. Here, we show that cancer cell chemotaxis relies on secretion of exosome-type extracellular vesicles. Migration of fibrosarcoma cells toward a gradient of exosome-depleted serum was diminished by knockdown of the exosome secretion regulator Rab27a. Rescue experiments in which chemotaxis chambers were coated with purified extracellular vesicles demonstrate that exosomes but not microvesicles affect both speed and directionality of migrating cells. Chamber coating with purified fibronectin and fibronectin-depleted exosomes demonstrates that the exosome cargo fibronectin promotes cell speed but cannot account for the role of exosomes in promoting directionality of fibrosarcoma cell movement during chemotaxis. These experiments indicate that exosomes contain multiple motility-promoting cargoes that contribute to different aspects of cell motility.
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