Journal
CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 596-606Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c6cy02344d
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21673137]
- Innovation Action Program from the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai City [16ZR1413900]
- internal fund from Shanghai University of Engineering Science [nhrc-2015-01]
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Adding gold as the third element forming ternary Pt-based core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) is an efficient strategy for enhancing the durability of the cathode during the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, using high-index (221) facets as a model catalyst, we discovered from density functional theory calculations that the inert Au atoms localized at the surface edge sites of Pt-based NPs can effectively promote the elementary steps of the ORR. Our results show that at the working potential (U = 0.8 V), the ORR at step/edges sites on Ni@AuPt core-shell NPs is kinetically much more facile than on pure Pt NPs, and the rate-determining step is likely to be O-2 protonation forming *OOH against *O protonation forming *OH on Pt NPs. We identified that the surface activity of Pt atoms of core-shell NPs can be well explained by either the d-band model or the coordination-number model, which have the same chemical nature origin. Our study provides a fundamental understanding of functionality of step/edge sites of Pt-based core-shell NPs for the ORR, which can be used for engineering practical cathode catalysts with atomic efficiency and precision by maximizing the occupancy of gold atoms at edge sites.
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