Journal
PHYSICAL BIOLOGY
Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/aa708a
Keywords
blood-brain barrier; tranlocation mechanisms; multi-scale computational methods; continuum theory; free energy; soft condensed matter and biological physics
Categories
Funding
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), UK [EP/J010502, EP/J014958, EP/L020564]
- National Science Centre, Poland [2015/19/P/ST3/03541]
- European Union's Horizon research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant [665778]
- EPSRC [EP/J010502/1, EP/L020564/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/L020564/1, EP/J010502/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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The number of individuals suffering from diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) is growing with an aging population. While candidate drugs for many of these diseases are available, most of these pharmaceutical agents cannot reach the brain rendering most of the drug therapies that target the CNS inefficient. The reason is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a complex and dynamic interface that controls the influx and efflux of substances through a number of different translocation mechanisms. Here, we present these mechanisms providing, also, the necessary background related to the morphology and various characteristics of the BBB. Moreover, we discuss various numerical and simulation approaches used to study the BBB, and possible future directions based on multiscale methods. We anticipate that this review will motivate multi-disciplinary research on the BBB aiming at the design of effective drug therapies.
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